Why proper technique is important in swimming?
One of the biggest challenges I face as a swimming coach and expert in building a training program is dealing with swimmers aged 13-14-15 who have been trained by coaches focused on numbers and rankings, neglecting the fundamentals of proper technique. It often requires a reset process, which can take six months or more, depending on the time spent with the previous coach.
It's essential to understand that a swimmer's performance is influenced by two forces: propulsive force (from arms and legs) and resistance force (from water's resistance). Many coaches emphasize strengthening arm and leg muscles for propulsive force but neglect teaching proper technique and body positioning.
If the technique is incorrect, there will be a significant loss of propulsive force and increased resistance. Fixing the propulsive force while dealing with high resistance due to incorrect body position and inadequate technique during the pull phase can result in slow swimming, like a powerful car with an uneven or misaligned wheel.
Swimmers can't achieve their maximum speed, and often, they'll struggle to finish their races, affecting their performance in various distances. These issues can be addressed if caught early during a swimmer's development and training.
However, if these mistakes are repeated over a long period, the process of reformatting and retraining can be challenging and time-consuming. Therefore, it's crucial to prioritize proper coaching for young swimmers rather than focusing solely on competitions and rankings.
Proper technique in swimming is crucial for several reasons, impacting performance, efficiency, and overall enjoyment of the sport. Here’s why focusing on technique is so important:
1. Improves Efficiency
Reduced Drag: Proper technique helps minimize water resistance or drag, allowing swimmers to move more smoothly through the water. This efficiency translates to faster times and less energy expenditure.
Streamlined Position: A streamlined body position and effective stroke technique reduce the effort needed to swim, making the activity less tiring and more enjoyable.
2. Enhances Speed
Power Generation: Effective technique allows swimmers to harness their power more efficiently. Properly executed strokes maximize the propulsion generated by each movement.
Stroke Mechanics: Technique-focused training helps optimize stroke mechanics, leading to improved speed and performance in the pool.
3. Prevents Injury
Correct Movement Patterns: Proper technique helps ensure that movements are biomechanically correct, reducing the risk of overuse injuries and strain on muscles and joints.
Balanced Muscle Use: Technique minimizes the risk of muscle imbalances and strain, which can occur from poor form or inefficient movements.
4. Optimizes Energy Use
Conserves Energy: Efficient swimming technique allows for better energy conservation, enabling swimmers to maintain performance over longer distances or during extended training sessions.
Less Fatigue: Proper form reduces unnecessary effort and fatigue, helping swimmers maintain their stamina and endurance.
5. Enhances Comfort
Reduced Resistance: Proper technique can make swimming feel more comfortable by reducing resistance and ensuring smoother movements through the water.
Breathing Efficiency: Effective breathing technique allows for better oxygen intake and more relaxed swimming, contributing to overall comfort.
In summary, proper technique is essential in swimming to maximize performance, improve efficiency, prevent injury, and ensure a positive and enjoyable experience in the water. Focusing on technique allows swimmers to make the most of their training and competition efforts while maintaining overall health and well-being.
Dr. Mohamed Marouf